Vulnerabilities
This page collects all of the vulnerabilities that are discovered and fixed in each release. It will also often have more details than is available in the releases. Some vulnerabilities are deemed to be sensitive, and will not be publicly discussed until there is sufficient time to fix them. Because the release notes are locked to a version, the information here can be updated after the embargo is lifted.
CVE-2017
CVE 2017-14199
Buffer overflow in getaddrinfo().
CVE 2017-14201
The shell DNS command can cause unpredictable results due to misuse of stack variables.
Use After Free vulnerability in the Zephyr shell allows a serial or telnet connected user to cause denial of service, and possibly remote code execution.
This has been fixed in release v1.14.0.
CVE 2017-14202
The shell implementation does not protect against buffer overruns resulting in unpredictable behavior.
Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer vulnerability in the shell component of Zephyr allows a serial or telnet connected user to cause a crash, possibly with arbitrary code execution.
This has been fixed in release v1.14.0.
CVE-2019
CVE 2019-9506
The Bluetooth BR/EDR specification up to and including version 5.1 permits sufficiently low encryption key length and does not prevent an attacker from influencing the key length negotiation. This allows practical brute-force attacks (aka “KNOB”) that can decrypt traffic and inject arbitrary ciphertext without the victim noticing.
CVE-2020
CVE 2020-10019
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in USB DFU of zephyr allows a USB connected host to cause possible remote code execution.
This has been fixed in releases v1.14.2, v2.2.0, and v2.1.1.
CVE 2020-10021
Out-of-bounds write in USB Mass Storage with unaligned sizes
Out-of-bounds Write in the USB Mass Storage memoryWrite handler with unaligned Sizes.
See NCC-ZEP-024, NCC-ZEP-025, NCC-ZEP-026
This has been fixed in releases v1.14.2, and v2.2.0.
CVE 2020-10022
UpdateHub Module Copies a Variable-Size Hash String Into a Fixed-Size Array
A malformed JSON payload that is received from an UpdateHub server may trigger memory corruption in the Zephyr OS. This could result in a denial of service in the best case, or code execution in the worst case.
See NCC-ZEP-016
This has been fixed in the below pull requests for main, branch from v2.1.0, and branch from v2.2.0.
CVE 2020-10023
Shell Subsystem Contains a Buffer Overflow Vulnerability In shell_spaces_trim
The shell subsystem contains a buffer overflow, whereby an adversary with physical access to the device is able to cause a memory corruption, resulting in denial of service or possibly code execution within the Zephyr kernel.
See NCC-ZEP-019
This has been fixed in releases v1.14.2, v2.2.0, and in a branch from v2.1.0,
CVE 2020-10024
ARM Platform Uses Signed Integer Comparison When Validating Syscall Numbers
The arm platform-specific code uses a signed integer comparison when validating system call numbers. An attacker who has obtained code execution within a user thread is able to elevate privileges to that of the kernel.
See NCC-ZEP-001
This has been fixed in releases v1.14.2, and v2.2.0, and in a branch from v2.1.0,
CVE 2020-10027
ARC Platform Uses Signed Integer Comparison When Validating Syscall Numbers
An attacker who has obtained code execution within a user thread is able to elevate privileges to that of the kernel.
See NCC-ZEP-001
This has been fixed in releases v1.14.2, and v2.2.0, and in a branch from v2.1.0.
CVE 2020-10028
Multiple Syscalls In GPIO Subsystem Performs No Argument Validation
Multiple syscalls with insufficient argument validation
See NCC-ZEP-006
This has been fixed in releases v1.14.2, and v2.2.0, and in a branch from v2.1.0.
CVE 2020-10058
Multiple Syscalls In kscan Subsystem Performs No Argument Validation
Multiple syscalls in the Kscan subsystem perform insufficient argument validation, allowing code executing in userspace to potentially gain elevated privileges.
See NCC-ZEP-006
This has been fixed in a branch from v2.1.0, and release v2.2.0.
CVE 2020-10059
UpdateHub Module Explicitly Disables TLS Verification
The UpdateHub module disables DTLS peer checking, which allows for a man in the middle attack. This is mitigated by firmware images requiring valid signatures. However, there is no benefit to using DTLS without the peer checking.
See NCC-ZEP-018
This has been fixed in a PR against Zephyr main.
CVE 2020-10060
UpdateHub Might Dereference An Uninitialized Pointer
In updatehub_probe, right after JSON parsing is complete, objects[1] is accessed from the output structure in two different places. If the JSON contained less than two elements, this access would reference uninitialized stack memory. This could result in a crash, denial of service, or possibly an information leak.
Recommend disabling updatehub until such a time as a fix can be made available.
See NCC-ZEP-030
This has been fixed in a PR against Zephyr main.
CVE 2020-10061
Error handling invalid packet sequence
Improper handling of the full-buffer case in the Zephyr Bluetooth implementation can result in memory corruption.
This has been fixed in branches for v1.14.0, v2.2.0, and will be included in v2.3.0.
CVE 2020-10062
Packet length decoding error in MQTT
CVE: An off-by-one error in the Zephyr project MQTT packet length decoder can result in memory corruption and possible remote code execution. NCC-ZEP-031
The MQTT packet header length can be 1 to 4 bytes. An off-by-one error in the code can result in this being interpreted as 5 bytes, which can cause an integer overflow, resulting in memory corruption.
This has been fixed in main for v2.3.
CVE 2020-10063
Remote Denial of Service in CoAP Option Parsing Due To Integer Overflow
A remote adversary with the ability to send arbitrary CoAP packets to be parsed by Zephyr is able to cause a denial of service.
This has been fixed in main for v2.3.
CVE 2020-10064
Improper Input Frame Validation in ieee802154 Processing
CVE 2020-10065
OOB Write after not validating user-supplied length (<= 0xffff) and copying to fixed-size buffer (default: 77 bytes) for HCI_ACL packets in bluetooth HCI over SPI driver.
This issue has not been fixed.
CVE 2020-10066
Incorrect Error Handling in Bluetooth HCI core
In hci_cmd_done, the buf argument being passed as null causes nullpointer dereference.
CVE 2020-10067
Integer Overflow In is_in_region Allows User Thread To Access Kernel Memory
A malicious userspace application can cause a integer overflow and bypass security checks performed by system call handlers. The impact would depend on the underlying system call and can range from denial of service to information leak to memory corruption resulting in code execution within the kernel.
See NCC-ZEP-005
This has been fixed in releases v1.14.2, and v2.2.0.
CVE 2020-10068
Zephyr Bluetooth DLE duplicate requests vulnerability
In the Zephyr project Bluetooth subsystem, certain duplicate and back-to-back packets can cause incorrect behavior, resulting in a denial of service.
This has been fixed in branches for v1.14.0, v2.2.0, and will be included in v2.3.0.
CVE 2020-10069
Zephyr Bluetooth unchecked packet data results in denial of service
An unchecked parameter in bluetooth data can result in an assertion failure, or division by zero, resulting in a denial of service attack.
This has been fixed in branches for v1.14.0, v2.2.0, and will be included in v2.3.0.
CVE 2020-10070
MQTT buffer overflow on receive buffer
In the Zephyr Project MQTT code, improper bounds checking can result in memory corruption and possibly remote code execution. NCC-ZEP-031
When calculating the packet length, arithmetic overflow can result in accepting a receive buffer larger than the available buffer space, resulting in user data being written beyond this buffer.
This has been fixed in main for v2.3.
CVE 2020-10071
Insufficient publish message length validation in MQTT
The Zephyr MQTT parsing code performs insufficient checking of the length field on publish messages, allowing a buffer overflow and potentially remote code execution. NCC-ZEP-031
This has been fixed in main for v2.3.
CVE 2020-10072
All threads can access all socket file descriptors
There is no management of permissions to network socket API file descriptors. Any thread running on the system may read/write a socket file descriptor knowing only the numerical value of the file descriptor.
CVE 2020-10136
IP-in-IP protocol routes arbitrary traffic by default zephyrproject
CVE 2020-13598
FS: Buffer Overflow when enabling Long File Names in FAT_FS and calling fs_stat
Performing fs_stat on a file with a filename longer than 12 characters long will cause a buffer overflow.
CVE 2020-13599
Security problem with settings and littlefs
When settings is used in combination with littlefs all security related information can be extracted from the device using MCUmgr and this could be used e.g in bt-mesh to get the device key, network key, app keys from the device.
CVE 2020-13600
Malformed SPI in response for eswifi can corrupt kernel memory
CVE 2020-13601
Possible read out of bounds in dns read
CVE 2020-13602
Remote Denial of Service in LwM2M do_write_op_tlv
In the Zephyr LwM2M implementation, malformed input can result in an infinite loop, resulting in a denial of service attack.
CVE 2020-13603
Possible overflow in mempool
Zephyr offers pre-built ‘malloc’ wrapper function instead.
The ‘malloc’ function is wrapper for the ‘sys_mem_pool_alloc’ function
sys_mem_pool_alloc allocates ‘size + WB_UP(sizeof(struct sys_mem_pool_block))’ in an unsafe manner.
Asking for very large size values leads to internal integer wrap-around.
Integer wrap-around leads to successful allocation of very small memory.
For example: calling malloc(0xffffffff) leads to successful allocation of 7 bytes.
That leads to heap overflow.
CVE-2021
CVE 2021-3319
DOS: Incorrect 802154 Frame Validation for Omitted Source / Dest Addresses
Improper processing of omitted source and destination addresses in ieee802154 frame validation (ieee802154_validate_frame)
This has been fixed in main for v2.5.0
CVE 2021-3320
Mismatch between validation and handling of 802154 ACK frames, where ACK frames are considered during validation, but not during actual processing, leading to a type confusion.
CVE 2021-3321
Incomplete check of minimum IEEE 802154 fragment size leading to an integer underflow.
CVE 2021-3323
Integer Underflow in 6LoWPAN IPHC Header Uncompression
This has been fixed in main for v2.5.0
CVE 2021-3430
Assertion reachable with repeated LL_CONNECTION_PARAM_REQ.
This has been fixed in main for v2.6.0
CVE 2021-3431
BT: Assertion failure on repeated LL_FEATURE_REQ
This has been fixed in main for v2.6.0
CVE 2021-3432
Invalid interval in CONNECT_IND leads to Division by Zero
This has been fixed in main for v2.6.0
CVE 2021-3433
BT: Invalid channel map in CONNECT_IND results to Deadlock
This has been fixed in main for v2.6.0
CVE 2021-3434
L2CAP: Stack based buffer overflow in le_ecred_conn_req()
This has been fixed in main for v2.6.0
CVE 2021-3435
L2CAP: Information leakage in le_ecred_conn_req()
This has been fixed in main for v2.6.0
CVE 2021-3436
Bluetooth: Possible to overwrite an existing bond during keys distribution phase when the identity address of the bond is known
During the distribution of the identity address information we don’t check for an existing bond with the same identity address.This means that a duplicate entry will be created in RAM while the newest entry will overwrite the existing one in persistent storage.
This has been fixed in main for v2.6.0
CVE 2021-3454
Truncated L2CAP K-frame causes assertion failure
For example, sending L2CAP K-frame where SDU length field is truncated to only one byte, causes assertion failure in previous releases of Zephyr. This has been fixed in master by commit 0ba9437 but has not yet been backported to older release branches.
This has been fixed in main for v2.6.0
CVE 2021-3455
Disconnecting L2CAP channel right after invalid ATT request leads freeze
When Central device connects to peripheral and creates L2CAP connection for Enhanced ATT, sending some invalid ATT request and disconnecting immediately causes freeze.
This has been fixed in main for v2.6.0
CVE 2021-3510
Zephyr JSON decoder incorrectly decodes array of array
When using JSON_OBJ_DESCR_ARRAY_ARRAY, the subarray is has the token type JSON_TOK_LIST_START, but then assigns to the object part of the union. arr_parse then takes the offset of the array-object (which has nothing todo with the list) treats it as relative to the parent object, and stores the length of the subarray in there.
This has been fixed in main for v2.7.0
CVE 2021-3581
HCI data not properly checked leads to memory overflow in the Bluetooth stack
In the process of setting SCAN_RSP through the HCI command, the Zephyr Bluetooth protocol stack did not effectively check the length of the incoming HCI data. Causes memory overflow, and then the data in the memory is overwritten, and may even cause arbitrary code execution.
This has been fixed in main for v2.6.0
CVE 2021-3625
Buffer overflow in Zephyr USB DFU DNLOAD
This has been fixed in main for v2.6.0
CVE 2021-3835
Buffer overflow in Zephyr USB device class
This has been fixed in main for v3.0.0
CVE 2021-3861
Buffer overflow in the RNDIS USB device class
This has been fixed in main for v3.0.0
CVE 2021-3966
Usb bluetooth device ACL read cb buffer overflow
This has been fixed in main for v3.0.0
CVE-2022
CVE 2022-0553
Possible to retrieve unencrypted firmware image
This has been fixed in main for v3.0.0
CVE 2022-1041
Out-of-bound write vulnerability in the Bluetooth Mesh core stack can be triggered during provisioning
This has been fixed in main for v3.1.0
CVE 2022-1042
Out-of-bound write vulnerability in the Bluetooth Mesh core stack can be triggered during provisioning
This has been fixed in main for v3.1.0
CVE 2022-1841
Out-of-Bound Write in tcp_flags
This has been fixed in main for v3.1.0
CVE 2022-2741
can: denial-of-service can be triggered by a crafted CAN frame
This has been fixed in main for v3.2.0
CVE 2022-2993
bt: host: Wrong key validation check
This has been fixed in main for v3.2.0
CVE 2022-3806
DoS: Invalid Initialization in le_read_buffer_size_complete()
CVE-2023
CVE 2023-0396
Buffer Overreads in Bluetooth HCI
CVE 2023-0397
DoS: Invalid Initialization in le_read_buffer_size_complete()
This has been fixed in main for v3.3.0
CVE 2023-0779
net: shell: Improper input validation
This has been fixed in main for v3.3.0
CVE 2023-1901
HCI send_sync Dangling Semaphore Reference Re-use
This has been fixed in main for v3.4.0
CVE 2023-1902
HCI Connection Creation Dangling State Reference Re-use
This has been fixed in main for v3.4.0
CVE 2023-3725
Potential buffer overflow vulnerability in the Zephyr CANbus subsystem.
This has been fixed in main for v3.5.0
CVE 2023-4257
Unchecked user input length in the Zephyr WiFi shell module can cause buffer overflows.
This has been fixed in main for v3.5.0
CVE 2023-4258
bt: mesh: vulnerability in provisioning protocol implementation on provisionee side
This has been fixed in main for v3.5.0
CVE 2023-4259
Buffer overflow vulnerabilities in the Zephyr eS-WiFi driver
This has been fixed in main for v3.5.0
CVE 2023-4260
Off-by-one buffer overflow vulnerability in the Zephyr FS subsystem
This has been fixed in main for v3.5.0
CVE 2023-4262
This issue has been determined to be a false positive after further analysis.
CVE 2023-4263
Potential buffer overflow vulnerability in the Zephyr IEEE 802.15.4 nRF 15.4 driver.
This has been fixed in main for v3.5.0
CVE 2023-4264
Potential buffer overflow vulnerabilities in the Zephyr Bluetooth subsystem
This has been fixed in main for v3.5.0
CVE 2023-4265
Two potential buffer overflow vulnerabilities in Zephyr USB code
This has been fixed in main for v3.4.0
CVE 2023-4424
bt: hci: DoS and possible RCE
This has been fixed in main for v3.5.0
CVE 2023-5055
L2CAP: Possible Stack based buffer overflow in le_ecred_reconf_req()
This has been fixed in main for v3.5.0
CVE 2023-5139
Potential buffer overflow vulnerability in the Zephyr STM32 Crypto driver.
This has been fixed in main for v3.5.0
CVE 2023-5184
Potential signed to unsigned conversion errors and buffer overflow vulnerabilities in the Zephyr IPM driver
This has been fixed in main for v3.5.0
CVE 2023-5563
The SJA1000 CAN controller driver backend automatically attempts to recover from a bus-off event when built with CONFIG_CAN_AUTO_BUS_OFF_RECOVERY=y. This results in calling k_sleep() in IRQ context, causing a fatal exception.
This has been fixed in main for v3.5.0
CVE 2023-5753
Potential buffer overflow vulnerabilities in the Zephyr Bluetooth subsystem source code when asserts are disabled.
This has been fixed in main for v3.5.0
CVE 2023-5779
Out of bounds issue in remove_rx_filter in multiple can drivers.
This has been fixed in main for v3.6.0
CVE 2023-6249
Signed to unsigned conversion problem in esp32_ipm_send may lead to buffer overflow
This has been fixed in main for v3.6.0
CVE 2023-6749
Potential buffer overflow due unchecked data coming from user input in settings shell.
This has been fixed in main for v3.6.0
CVE 2023-6881
Potential buffer overflow vulnerability in Zephyr fuse file system.
This has been fixed in main for v3.6.0
CVE 2023-7060
Missing Security Control in Zephyr OS IP Packet Handling
This has been fixed in main for v3.6.0
CVE-2024
CVE 2024-1638
Bluetooth characteristic LESC security requirement not enforced without additional flags
This has been fixed in main for v3.6.0
CVE 2024-3077
Bluetooth: Integer underflow in gatt_find_info_rsp. A malicious BLE device can crash BLE victim device by sending malformed gatt packet.
This has been fixed in main for v3.7.0
CVE 2024-3332
Bluetooth: DoS caused by null pointer dereference.
A malicious BLE device can send a specific order of packet sequence to cause a DoS attack on the victim BLE device.
This has been fixed in main for v3.7.0
CVE 2024-4785
Bluetooth: Missing Check in LL_CONNECTION_UPDATE_IND Packet Leads to Division by Zero
This has been fixed in main for v3.7.0
CVE 2024-5754
BT: Encryption procedure host vulnerability
This has been fixed in main for v3.7.0
CVE 2024-5931
BT: Unchecked user input in bap_broadcast_assistant
This has been fixed in main for v3.7.0
CVE 2024-6135
BT:Classic: Multiple missing buf length checks
This has been fixed in main for v3.7.0
CVE 2024-6137
BT: Classic: SDP OOB access in get_att_search_list
This has been fixed in main for v3.7.0
CVE 2024-6258
BT: Missing length checks of net_buf in rfcomm_handle_data
This has been fixed in main for v3.7.0
CVE 2024-6259
BT: HCI: adv_ext_report Improper discarding in adv_ext_report
This has been fixed in main for v3.7.0
CVE 2024-6442
Bluetooth: ASCS Unchecked tailroom of the response buffer
This has been fixed in main for v3.7.0
CVE 2024-6443
zephyr: out-of-bound read in utf8_trunc
This has been fixed in main for v3.7.0
CVE 2024-6444
Bluetooth: ots: missing buffer length check
This has been fixed in main for v3.7.0
CVE 2024-8798
Under embargo until 2024-11-22
CVE 2024-10395
Under embargo until 2025-01-23
CVE 2024-11263
arch: riscv: userspace: potential security risk when CONFIG_RISCV_GP=y
A rogue thread can corrupt the gp reg and cause the entire system to hard fault at best, at worst, it can potentially trick the system to access another set of random global symbols.
This has been fixed in main for v4.0.0